Checkpoint inhibitors and heart disease: 5 study notes

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, designed to block tumors from weakening the body’s immune activity, have been found to interfere with immune regulation in the heart. This side effect may lead to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke, according to a study published Nov. 29 in Nature Cardiovascular Research

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Researchers from New York City-based NYU Langone Health analyzed thousands of immune cells collected from 50 patients with atherosclerosis, a build-up of plaque in the walls of arteries, according to a Dec. 2 news release from the university. 

Here are five notes about the study:

  1. Previous studies have shown that about 10% of patients with atherosclerosis have a heart attack or stroke following cancer treatment.
  2. Researchers found that the same type of immune checkpoints targeted by cancer therapies also appear in arterial immune cells.
  3. “Our findings provide new insight into how a drug intended to target tumors can also prompt a heightened immune response in arteries and increase risk of heart disease,” study co-author Chiara Giannarelli, MD, PhD, said in the release.  “Cancer patients and their physicians should be aware that they may need to monitor for new heart concerns following cancer treatment.”
  4. While the study analyzed cells from the plaque buildup of 50 patients, both men and women, the patients were not diagnosed or being treated for cancer.
  5. “Now that experts have a better understanding of the interplay between these diseases, they can begin to explore new strategies to lower the risk of unintended health concerns caused by their treatment,” study co-author Kathryn Moore, PhD, said in the release.

Read the full study here

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